The theory of DNA according to the Qur'an
By Unknown - February 20, 2018
The Ancient Man and Prophet Adam
Here we mention some verses in the Qur'an that explain about DNA:
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful
١٧٢ وَإِذْ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ وَأَشْهَدَهُمْ عَلَىٰ أَنْفُسِهِمْ أَلَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ ۖ قَالُوا بَلَىٰ ۛ شَهِدْنَا ۛ أَنْ تَقُولُوا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِنَّا كُنَّا عَنْ هَٰذَا غَافِلِينَ
172. And (remember), when your Lord took offspring of the sons of Adam from their sobbi and God took witness of their souls (saying): "Am I not your Lord?" They replied: "True (You are our Lord), we are witnesses". (We do so) so that on the Day of Resurrection you will not say: "We (the people of Adam) are the guilty of this (oneness of God)",
QS. Al A'raf (7) : 172
١٨٩ هُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ نَفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَجَعَلَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا لِيَسْكُنَ إِلَيْهَا ۖ فَلَمَّا تَغَشَّاهَا حَمَلَتْ حَمْلًا خَفِيفًا فَمَرَّتْ بِهِ ۖ فَلَمَّا أَثْقَلَتْ دَعَوَا اللَّهَ رَبَّهُمَا لَئِنْ آتَيْتَنَا صَالِحًا لَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الشَّاكِرِينَ
189. It is God Who created you from one self and from it He created his wife, that he may be pleased with him. So after mixed, his wife contains a mild content, and continue to feel light (some time). Then when he felt heavy, both (husband and wife) pleaded with Allah, their Lord, saying: "If you give us a godly child, we would be of those who give thanks."
QS. Al A'raf (7) : 189
In Surah Al A'raf (7): 89; Surah Al A'raf (7): 27; Surah Al A'raf (7): 31; Surah Al A'raf (7): 35; Surah Ya-Seen (36): 60 God calls modern Human :
- The Son of Adam.
- The sons of Adam from their sobbi
- God Who created you from one self (Adam)
- His (Adam) wife contains a mild content
- We exhort them with perfect advantages over most of the creatures we have created
٧٠ وَلَقَدْ كَرَّمْنَا بَنِي آدَمَ وَحَمَلْنَاهُمْ فِي الْبَرِّ وَالْبَحْرِ وَرَزَقْنَاهُمْ مِنَ الطَّيِّبَاتِ وَفَضَّلْنَاهُمْ عَلَىٰ كَثِيرٍ مِمَّنْ خَلَقْنَا تَفْضِيلًا
70. And indeed We have honored the children of Adam, We transport them on land and in the seas, We give them sustenance of the good and We exhort them with perfect advantages over most of the creatures we have created.
QS. Al-Isra' : (17) : 70
DNA according to Modern Science
Deoxyribonucleic acid (/diˈɒksiˌraɪboʊnjʊˌkliːɪk, -ˌkleɪɪk/ DNA) is a thread-like chain of nucleotides carrying the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses. DNA and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are nucleic acids; alongside proteins, lipids and complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides), they are one of the four major types of macromolecules that are essential for all known forms of life. Most DNA molecules consist of two biopolymer strands coiled around each other to form a double helix.
The two DNA strands are called polynucleotides since they are composed of simpler monomer units called nucleotides. Each nucleotide is composed of one of four nitrogen-containing nucleobases (cytosine [C], guanine [G], adenine [A] or thymine [T]), a sugar called deoxyribose, and a phosphate group. The nucleotides are joined to one another in a chain by covalent bonds between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next, resulting in an alternating sugar-phosphate backbone. The nitrogenous bases of the two separate polynucleotide strands are bound together, according to base pairing rules (A with T and C with G), with hydrogen bonds to make double-stranded DNA.
The complementary nitrogenous bases are divided into two groups, pyrimidines and purines. In a DNA molecule, the pyrimidines are thymine and cytosine, the purines are adenine and guanine.
DNA stores biological information. The DNA backbone is resistant to cleavage, and both strands of the double-stranded structure store the same biological information. This information is replicated as and when the two strands separate. A large part of DNA (more than 98% for humans) is non-coding, meaning that these sections do not serve as patterns for protein sequences.
The two strands of DNA run in opposite directions to each other and are thus antiparallel. Attached to each sugar is one of four types of nucleobases (informally, bases). It is the sequence of these four nucleobases along the backbone that encodes biological information. RNA strands are created using DNA strands as a template in a process called transcription. Under the genetic code, these RNA strands are translated to specify the sequence of amino acids within proteins in a process called translation.
Within eukaryotic cells DNA is organized into long structures called chromosomes. During cell division these chromosomes are duplicated in the process of DNA replication, providing each cell its own complete set of chromosomes. Eukaryotic organisms (animals, plants, fungi and protists) store most of their DNA inside the cell nucleus and some of their DNA in organelles, such as mitochondria or chloroplasts. In contrast prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) store their DNA only in the cytoplasm. Within the eukaryotic chromosomes, chromatin proteins such as histones compact and organize DNA. These compact structures guide the interactions between DNA and other proteins, helping control which parts of the DNA are transcribed.
DNA was first isolated by Friedrich Miescher in 1869. Its molecular structure was first identified by James Watson and Francis Crick at the Cavendish Laboratory within the University of Cambridge in 1953, whose model-building efforts were guided by X-ray diffraction data acquired by Raymond Gosling, who was a post-graduate student of Rosalind Franklin. DNA is used by researchers as a molecular tool to explore physical laws and theories, such as the ergodic theorem and the theory of elasticity. The unique material properties of DNA have made it an attractive molecule for material scientists and engineers interested in micro- and nano-fabrication. Among notable advances in this field are DNA origami and DNA-based hybrid materials. [more...]
Information from the Qur'an about DNA
The Qur'an becomes a book that inspires every believer who has the will to prove what is in it. The Word of Allah سُبْحَانَهُ وَ تَعَالَى is indeed a beautifully meaningful strands of words, can be studied scientifically and seek proof of its truth.
We use the science of language transliteration and the interpretation of the verses of the Qur'an with in the foundation of modern science. Let's discuss in more detail some verses in the Qur'an that inform about DNA:
٥٣ سَنُرِيهِمْ آيَاتِنَا فِي الْآفَاقِ وَفِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ حَتَّىٰ يَتَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ أَنَّهُ الْحَقُّ ۗ أَوَلَمْ يَكْفِ بِرَبِّكَ أَنَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ شَهِيدٌ
53. We will show them Our signs in all regions of the earth and in themselves, until it is clear to them that the Qur'an is true. Is not it enough that your Lord bears witness to all things?
QS. Fussilat (41) : 53
The word "ayatinaa" which has the meaning of "God's Verses", is explained by God that His signs are also in human body. Let's learn that: God's verses are also in the DNA (Deoxy Nucleotida Acid) of human.
In the biological and genetic sciences known the amount of DNA present without producing protein at all. This productionless area is called junk DNA. In fact the DNA is actually far from the meaning of waste. Junk DNA is a string of words of God as Creator and as "a sign of God's greatness" for people who think and prove it.
٣٦ سُبْحَانَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ الْأَزْوَاجَ كُلَّهَا مِمَّا تُنْبِتُ الْأَرْضُ وَمِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَمِمَّا لَا يَعْلَمُونَ
36. Glory be to God Who has created the pairs all, both from what the earth grows and from themselves and from what they do not know.
QS. Yaseen (36) : 36
The word "pair [cell]" in the above verse of the Qur'an can be interpreted in man, where there is a base pair in human DNA/RNA.
We discussed further about "the couple in themselves", how the Qur'an discusses further that from this "couple" formed a life.
٦ خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ نَفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا وَأَنْزَلَ لَكُمْ مِنَ الْأَنْعَامِ ثَمَانِيَةَ أَزْوَاجٍ ۚ يَخْلُقُكُمْ فِي بُطُونِ أُمَّهَاتِكُمْ خَلْقًا مِنْ بَعْدِ خَلْقٍ فِي ظُلُمَاتٍ ثَلَاثٍ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمُ اللَّهُ رَبُّكُمْ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ ۖ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۖ فَأَنَّىٰ تُصْرَفُونَ
6. He created you from one after another He made her his wife and He sent for you eight pairs of livestock. He made you in your mother's tummy of events for the sake of the events in three darkness. That is God, your Lord, the Lord who has a kingdom. There is no god but Him; then how can you be turned away?
QS. Az-Zumar (39) : 6
He created you from one after another (a self) - [ khalaqakum min nafsinwahidatin ], the meaning of the word is "He created you from the one breath". [Nafsin] here can mean breath, or soul, or it refers to something alive.
In this case, [nafsin wahidatin] can be interpreted also as a single breath / single Cell. Why [ nafsin wahidatin ] ? Because the term "cell" or "/ cell /" is not known at the time and place when this verse was revealed.
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